You can’t really miss it—Florence’s cathedral (Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore) dominates the skyline with that massive red-brick dome. Construction began in the 13th century and continued for nearly 150 years, which is evident in the diverse styles. The outside is covered in pink, green and white marble—oddly beautiful up close. Inside, check out Vasari’s Last Judgment fresco under the dome. If you’re up for the climb (and it is quite a climb), the view from the top is worth the leg burn.

The Basilica de Santa Maria del Mar is one of Barcelona’s most stunning churches and a prime example of Catalan Gothic architecture. Its design showcases a cleaner, more restrained style compared to the elaborate ornamentation typically associated with Gothic structures. Construction began in 1329 and was completed in 1383—an impressive feat for such a monumental project. Inside, the basilica feels remarkably spacious and airy, with its three naves of equal height supported by towering, slender pillars. The sparse decoration of the chapels enhances this sense of openness. Natural light filters through the magnificent rose window on the main façade and the vibrant stained glass windows, bathing the interior in a serene glow.

This sublime concert hall designed by Lluís Domènech i Montaner and built between 1905 and 1908 is not quite as wacky as some of Gaudí's architecture, but it is still equally impressive. The Palace of Catalan Music not only pays tribute to the musical heritage of the Catalans but to all music, as well as beauty, colour, and joy.