The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulation points that stretch from Hammerfest in Norway all the way to the Black Sea. The imaginary lines go through ten countries and over 2,820 kilometres. Carried out between 1816 and 1855 by the astronomer Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Struve, this survey represented the first accurate measuring of a long segment of a meridian, helping establish the exact size and shape of the planet. Sweden has seven measurement points and four of them are on the World Heritage List (on the mountains Tynnyrilaki, Jupukka, Pullinki, and Perävaara). The mountaintop unveils an expansive view.

The Clock Tower Museum occupies the top four floors of the Makkah Royal Clock Tower, the central pillar of the Abraj Al-Bait complex overlooking the Grand Mosque. Its focus is the intersection of faith and science, using interactive exhibits and advanced technology to explore timekeeping, the Hijri calendar and astronomy from an Islamic perspective. The journey culminates on the open observation deck, which provides a breathtaking, unparalleled aerial view of the Kaaba and the entire mosque complex from over 400 metres, a perspective unique to this museum.

Ain Zubaidah stands as a testament to ancient engineering, a water system commissioned over 1,200 years ago by Zubaidah, wife of the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid. Moved by the plight of pilgrims, she ordered the creation of a complex network to channel water from the Al-Kar mountains to the holy sites of Makkah. This 35-kilometre feat of engineering combined underground channels, surface aqueducts, and deep reservoirs, some reaching 40 metres underground, to traverse the arid landscape. Though time has left much of the original structure in fragments, sections have been restored, including a major renovation in the 1920s. The system's scale remains awe-inspiring, with its gentle gradients, 132 inspection chambers, and strategic storage tanks. Today, visitors can explore remnants of the conduits in the foothills around Makkah, a tangible link to a visionary project that sustained generations of pilgrims.

The Tärendö River stands as the second largest bifurcation in the world, stretching over 52 km with a significant vertical drop of 35 metres. Known for its impressive nine rapids, this river system showcases the natural beauty and dynamic water features that contribute to the unique landscape of the region.